### Lesson Plan: Simple Machines - Basic Tech for Primary 1
#### Grade Level:
Primary 1 (Ages 5-7)
#### Subject:
Basic Technology
#### Lesson Topic:
Simple Machines
#### Duration:
45 minutes
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### Objective:
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
1. Understand what simple machines are.
2. Identify different types of simple machines (lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw).
3. Recognize examples of simple machines in everyday life.
4. Understand the basic function of each type of simple machine.
### Materials Needed:
- Chart or flashcards with pictures and names of different simple machines
- Simple classroom objects (e.g., scissors, bottle opener, toy cars, ramp made from books and a board, screws, etc.)
- Video clips showing simple machines in action
- Whiteboard and markers
- Paper and crayons for drawing
### Introduction (10 minutes):
1. **Greeting and Engagement:**
- Welcome the students warmly.
- Ask them if they have ever noticed how certain tools make tasks easier (e.g., using a bottle opener to open a bottle).
2. **Introduction to Simple Machines:**
- Explain that today we are going to learn about simple machines.
- Simple machines are tools that help us do work more easily.
### Instruction (20 minutes):
#### **Direct Teaching: (10 minutes)**
1. **Types of Simple Machines:**
- Show the chart with pictures of simple machines.
- Briefly explain each type of simple machine:
**Lever:** A bar that moves on a fixed point, called a fulcrum (e.g., seesaw, scissors).
**Wheel and Axle:** A wheel with a rod through its center (e.g., toy car, rolling pin).
**Pulley:** A wheel with a rope around it (e.g., flagpole, blinds).
**Inclined Plane:** A flat surface tilted at an angle (e.g., ramp).
**Wedge:** A piece of material with a pointed edge (e.g., knife, axe).
**Screw:** An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder (e.g., jar lid, light bulb).
2. **Functions of Simple Machines:**
- Discuss how each simple machine makes work easier (e.g., a ramp helps move heavy objects up or down without lifting them).
#### **Interactive Activity: (10 minutes)**
- **Hands-On Demonstration:**
- Show common objects and ask students to identify the type of simple machine it represents (e.g., a toy car for wheel and axle, a bottle opener for lever).
- Let students come up and use the objects to see how they work.
### Guided Practice (10 minutes):
1. **Group Activity:**
- Divide students into small groups.
- Give each group a simple machine object (e.g., scissors, toy car, ramp, etc.).
- Ask groups to discuss and then present how their object works and makes tasks easier.
### Conclusion (5 minutes):
1. **Recap:**
- Quickly review the types of simple machines with the class.
- Ask a few students to name a simple machine and give an example.
2. **Drawing Activity:**
- Provide paper and crayons.
- Ask students to draw their favorite simple machine and write its name (with help from the teacher if needed).
3. **Closing:**
- Praise the students for their participation and good work.
- Encourage them to notice simple machines around them in their daily life.
### Assessment:
- Observe students’ participation and understanding during the group activities and hands-on demonstration.
- Review students' drawings to ensure they can identify and name simple machines correctly.
### Extension Activity:
- For homework, ask students to find one simple machine at home and share it with the class during the next lesson.
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### Notes for the Teacher:
- Be patient and use simple language as students in Primary 1 are very young.
- Use positive reinforcement to encourage participation.
- Be prepared to assist students during the drawing activity.